Wiki-aralan: DISS
Emile Durkheim: The division of labor affects social solidarity by either promoting or diminishing it. When individuals have specialized roles, they may become interdependent, fostering a sense of unity. However, excessive specialization can lead to anomie, a breakdown in social cohesion.
Max Weber: The "Protestant Ethic" suggests that certain Protestant values, such as hard work and frugality ("the elect"), contributed to the development of capitalism. Weber explored the cultural and religious influences on economic systems and argued that ideas and values shape social structures.
Karl Marx: Economic structures determine social relations. Capitalism, he argued, perpetuates class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. Restructuring capitalism to achieve a more equitable society would require a fundamental shift in ownership and distribution of resources.
Michel Foucault: Power operates through various mechanisms and is pervasive in institutions, shaping discourse and social norms. Knowledge, Foucault argued, is a tool of power, influencing societal perceptions and controlling individuals through the dissemination of information.
Simone de Beauvoir: Women's experiences are deeply influenced by societal expectations and structures. De Beauvoir emphasized the role of patriarchy in shaping gender relations and called for the recognition of women's autonomy and agency to address gender inequality.
Erving Goffman: Impression management involves individuals presenting themselves in specific ways to influence how others perceive them. Social rituals and ceremonies contribute to the construction of personal and collective identities by reinforcing shared meanings and expectations.
Pierre Bourdieu: Social structures and cultural capital impact an individual's social mobility. Bourdieu's concept of habitus highlights how one's background and experiences shape their perspectives and opportunities. Education can both reproduce and challenge social inequalities depending on how it is structured.
Leloy:
Functionalism